Sonnet · Fair Youth Sonnets

Sonnet 106

When in the chronicle of wasted time

I see descriptions of the fairest wights,

And beauty making beautiful old rime,

In praise of ladies dead and lovely knights,

Then, in the blazon of sweet beauty’s best,

Of hand, of foot, of lip, of eye, of brow,

I see their antique pen would have express’d

Even such a beauty as you master now.

So all their praises are but prophecies

Of this our time, all you prefiguring;

And for they looked but with divining eyes,

They had not skill enough your worth to sing:

For we, which now behold these present days,

Have eyes to wonder, but lack tongues to praise.

What it's about

The speaker argues that all the love poetry of the past was unwittingly a prophecy of the beloved's beauty. Ancient poets praised ideals they could only imagine; we can see the reality but still can't capture it in language. It's a flattering paradox: you surpass not just what they could praise, but what we can even articulate.

In plain English

When I read old love poetry—chronicles of praise for beautiful women and noble men long dead—I notice something striking: the poets were always describing someone like you. They celebrated particular features: hands, feet, lips, eyes, foreheads. All their detailed praise seems to have been aiming at you, even though they lived centuries before you existed.

In this sense, all those ancient poets were actually prophesying your arrival. They couldn't see you directly, only sensed what beauty might look like. And that blindness limited them—they simply didn't have the skill to do justice to your actual worth. We who live now and can actually see you face-to-face are in an even worse position: we have the capacity to recognize your beauty, but we lack the words to express it.

Lines that stick

  • When in the chronicle of wasted time / I see descriptions of the fairest wights
  • So all their praises are but prophecies / Of this our time, all you prefiguring
  • Have eyes to wonder, but lack tongues to praise

Themes

  • beauty
  • time
  • fair youth
  • praise and inadequacy
  • immortality
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