Summary & Analysis

Henry V, Act 3 Scene 2 — Summary & Analysis

Setting: The same Who's in it: Bardolph, Nym, Pistol, Boy, Fluellen, Gower, Jamy, Macmorris Reading time: ~8 min

What happens

As the assault on Harfleur begins, Bardolph, Nym, and Pistol hesitate near the breach, afraid of the intensity of battle. The Boy observes their cowardice with contempt. Fluellen drives them forward, then encounters the other captains—Gower, Jamy, and Macmorris—to discuss military strategy. Their argument about siege discipline nearly escalates to violence before a parley from the town interrupts them, and they exit to continue the assault.

Why it matters

This scene reveals the gap between the heroic rhetoric of war and the reality of common soldiers' fear. While Henry's St. Crispin's Day speech promises glory, Bardolph and his companions immediately show doubt, with Nym declaring the "humour" of battle is "too hot." Their reluctance is both comic and humanizing—they are men, not machines of war. The Boy's contempt for them is cutting but also ironic; he serves men he recognizes as cowards, yet he too will likely die in this siege. Fluellen's aggressive command to "Up to the breach, you dogs!" reflects the harsh discipline required to drive terrified men into lethal combat, undercutting any romance in Henry's appeals to honor.

The scene also introduces the play's theme of linguistic and cultural diversity within the English army. The four captains—Welsh Fluellen, English Gower, Scottish Jamy, and Irish Macmorris—represent the emerging British nation under Henry's rule. Yet their conversation about military discipline nearly devolves into a fight, with Macmorris defensively questioning his own nationality ("What ish my nation?"). Their near-conflict suggests that unity under one king remains fragile and conditional. The scene's comedy masks real tensions about power, inclusion, and how different peoples are forced to coexist under a single authority, foreshadowing the play's larger political ambitions.

Key quotes from this scene

As young as I am, I have observed these three swashers. I am boy to them all three: but all they three, though they would serve me, could not be man to me; for indeed three such antics do not amount to a man. For Bardolph, he is white-livered and red-faced; by the means whereof a’ faces it out, but fights not. For Pistol, he hath a killing tongue and a quiet sword; by the means whereof a’ breaks words, and keeps whole weapons. For Nym, he hath heard that men of few words are the best men; and therefore he scorns to say his prayers, lest a’ should be thought a coward: but his few bad words are matched with as few good deeds; for a’ never broke any man’s head but his own, and that was against a post when he was drunk. They will steal any thing, and call it purchase. Bardolph stole a lute-case, bore it twelve leagues, and sold it for three half pence. Nym and Bardolph are sworn brothers in filching, and in Calais they stole a fire-shovel: I knew by that piece of service the men would carry coals. They would have me as familiar with men’s pockets as their gloves or their handkerchers: which makes much against my manhood, if I should take from another’s pocket to put into mine; for it is plain pocketing up of wrongs. I must leave them, and seek some better service: their villany goes against my weak stomach, and therefore I must cast it up.

Even though I’m young, I’ve noticed these three tough guys. I serve all three of them: but none of them could be a man to me, even if they wanted to; because honestly, three clowns like them don’t make up one man. Bardolph, for example, is a coward and has a red face; because of that, he puts on a brave face, but doesn’t actually fight. Pistol, he has a sharp tongue but a quiet sword; so he talks a big game but keeps his sword sheathed. As for Nym, he’s heard that men of few words are the best, so he refuses to say his prayers, in case anyone thinks he’s a coward. But his few bad words are matched by just as few good deeds, because he’s never hurt anyone but himself, and that was by crashing into a post while drunk. They’ll steal anything and call it a bargain. Bardolph stole a lute-case, carried it twelve miles, and sold it for three pennies. Nym and Bardolph are partners in crime, and in Calais, they stole a fire-shovel. I knew by that action that they’d steal anything. They want me to be as familiar with people’s pockets as their gloves or their handkerchiefs: which goes against my sense of honor, if I were to take from someone else’s pocket and put it in mine; because it’s just stealing. I have to leave them, and find a better job: their evil ways make me sick, and so I have to get away from them.

Boy · Act 3, Scene 2

The Boy has been watching Bardolph, Nym, and Pistol operate—stealing, boasting, performing loyalty they don't feel. He judges them clearly and finds them hollow, and then makes a choice: he will leave them and seek honest service. The speech lands because a child voices what the audience already suspects, and because his decision to walk away marks the moment the old disorder finally breaks apart. The Boy's integrity, his refusal to steal, shows that Henry's new order has already begun to remake the people around it.

Up to the breach, you dogs! avaunt, you cullions!

Go to the breach, you dogs! Get out of the way, you cowards!

Captain Fluellen · Act 3, Scene 2

Fluellen is driving his men forward toward the breach in the wall at Harfleur, shouting at them to move faster. The line works because it shows Fluellen's authority in its purest form—not quiet or polished, but direct and immediate, a captain who leads by example and will accept no excuse. His voice defines Henry's army: men who follow not out of love for the king but out of respect for an officer who shares the danger with them.

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